13步走向媒体建造／13 steps to media fabrication
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本文转载自“设计北服”，已获授权
本科二年级设计课:
比例、尺度与人
课题：重建宜家
Studio Project: Reconstruction IKEA
Cornerstone: Proportion, Scale and Body
Theme: Space and human
导师：车飞
助教：高华、刘畅
媒体建造设计 I&II 是北京服装学院环境设计专业媒体建造方向本科二年级的基础设计课。这门课是该专业方向低年级的设计基石课程之一。这门课从建筑空间设计的基础——认识论出发，通过对一个人造环境中的身体、比例、尺度与运动的经验性认识，来理解建筑空间设计的本体论与认识论的基本概念与历史渊源。课程从宜家家居中的场景出发，对现代主义的功能主义展开批判，帮助学生正确理解形式与功能的关系。媒体建造设计课通过一整套练习使得学生将个体化参数与建筑学的传统概念：身体、比例、尺度与运动结合在一起，将算法设计与人本主义建筑传统相融合。整个课程按照十三个阶段逐步完成：
[1] 场景绘制
[2] 自制工具
[3] 结构图解
[4] 综合图解
[5] 图解模型
[6] 概念的挖掘与陈述
[7] 阵列分析图
[8] 概念分析图解
[9] 形式概念
[10] 形式概念图解的实体化
[11]转换空间概念模型
[12] 总体方案
[13] 表达与制图
首先从人体尺度，比例，行为的测量与场景描绘出发，结构图解一个宜家的小环境，要求每一小组设计各自的测量工具结合时间运动因素，建立综合图解，并从综合图解中发展出各自的形式概念，要求每一位同学必须在完全的图解操作中发现各自的空间概念。也就是说这个空间概念既符合空间图解的演绎逻辑，又是设计者综合分析的结果。因此经验性认识结合主体性投射，如何形成与发展一个可操作的抽象的功能性空间概念，是这门设计基石课的教学目标与重点。经过数周枯燥的图解绘制后，在形式概念阶段，每位同学最终在老师的帮助下都找到了各自的一对抽象的空间形式概念并完成总体设计。通过这门设计课，每位参与同学都对空间与参数有了深入的了解，并初次体验到通过设计工具与理性思维，在操作中深入媒体建造的方式方法。
课程导师：车飞
课程助教：高华、刘畅
“ Media Fabrication Design Studio 1&2” are the core design course for the second year of the undergraduate level for environmental architecture major. This course is the cornerstones of the profession. Starting from the most basic epistemology of architecture, understanding the basic concepts and historical origins of the ontology and epistemology of architecture through an empirical understanding of the body, proportions, scales and movement in an artificial environment. The start point of course is from an IKEA space to criticize the functional modernism. It helps students to understand the relation between form and function. Media Fabrication Design Studio is training students to combine personal data and classical architectural concept: body, proportions, scales and movement, by a series of exercises. It integrates algorithm and humanism.
The course has 13 successive stages:
[1] Scenic drawing
[2] Tool
[3] Structural Diagram
[4] Comprehensive Diagram
[5] Diagram Model
[6] Conception and Statement
[7] Classification and Analysis
[8] Concept Analysis Diagram
[9] Form Concept
[10] Solid Modeling of Form Concept Diagram
[11]Embodiment Model of Space
[12] Final Proposal
[13] Drawings and Model
Firstly, starting from the Scenic drawing and measurement of human scale, proportion and behavior in a small scale space of IKEA market. Each group is required to design their own measurement tools and study movement of the space, then establish comprehensive diagrams, and gradually develop their own form concepts from. It requires each student to discover their own spatial concepts in full graphical operation. The space concept not only conforms to the deductive logic of spatial illustration but also the result of a comprehensive analysis by designers. The goal is to combine empirical understanding with subjective projection, how to form and develop an operational abstract functional space concept.
In the stage of form concept, each student finally found their own abstract space concepts with the help of the teacher to complete the intensification design. through this design class, each participating student has an in-depth understanding of space and parameters design, and for the first time experienced the way to media fabrication concepts in depth through design tools and rational thinking.
Course Instructor: Che Fei
Course Assistant: Gao Hua, Liu Chang
从手眼一致性中发现的有意识与无意识
Conscious Space and Unconscious Space, Coincident by Hand and Eye
这是我调查选取的IKEA空间，是个卧室
This is the IKEA space I selected for my survey. It is a bedroom.
Phase 1: Tool
阶段1: 空间绘制
Phase 2: Tool
阶段2: 自制工具
在选定的空间内，按照自己的习惯自由活动，使用家具。将激光笔置于耳后，随着人的活动，表示 眼睛所看到的视点，将活动过程用手机录制，视频记录手与激光笔的点过移动过的轨迹和与物体触碰 的位置，成为我们的图解元素。
In the selected space, free to move and use furniture according to your own habits. After placing the laser pointer behind the ear, with the activity of the person, indicating the viewpoint seen by the eye, the activity process is recorded by the mobile phone, and the video records the position where the hand and the laser pointer have moved past and the position touched by the object. Be our graphical element.
Phase 3: structural diagram
阶段3: 结构图解
通过视频记录的人在空间中的动线，发现这是可以变成一个循环的动线。于是把它设计成圆的形 状。通过不同颜色分区表示不同动作，里面的圆心是主要的功能。而手和眼睛活动的高度在图中用线 来表示出来，从而形成了这个图解。
The video recorded by the person in the moving line in space, found that this can be turned into a loop of moving lines. Then design it into a round shape. The different colors are used to represent different actions, and the center inside is the main function. The height of the hand and eye movements is represented by lines in the figure, thus forming this illustration.
Phase 4: comprehensive diagram
阶段4: 综合图解
进一步分析图解，发现圆形来代表图解过于形式化。于是直接采用空间中的动线，使其直接变成图 解的基础，再将手眼的高度在其动线相应四周表现出来。从而发现有些手眼高度一致时，是有接触物 体的，用方块表示出来。没有一致时，有些时候眼睛是有方向性的，用圆形表示出眼睛看到的范围。
Further analysis of the diagram reveals that the circle represents the form is too formalized. Therefore, the moving line in the space is directly used to make it directly become the basis of the diagram, and then the height of the hand eye is expressed on the corresponding four sides of the moving line. Therefore, when some hand eyes are highly uniform, there are contact objects, which are represented by squares. When there is no agreement, sometimes the eyes are directional, and the circle shows the range seen by the eyes.
Phase 5: diagram model
阶段5: 图解模型
第一个模型是将阶段3的图解直接生成的。
The first model is generated directly from the diagram of Stage 3.
第二个模型是将图解直接赋予体积。
The second model is to assign the diagram directly to the volume.
Phase 6: conception and statement
阶段6: 概念的挖掘与陈述
“有意识无意识”概念陈述
我研究的宜家空间是个卧室。而我的概念是由手眼一致性而推导出的“有意识” 和“无意识”。
在定义概念的过程中，我利用了阶段三的图解，在图解上去发现并分析定义。定义 概念的过程中，也是层层递进的。第一次是发现了手眼之间距离的关系，第二次还发 现了功能的关系，第三次开始用分类并陈列图的方法来将定义清晰化，第四次用重合 陈列分析图的方式发现了一些之前没有察觉到的关系。
由此，我的定义如下：
一、有意识：图解中，手、眼重合的线均为有意识，并在手、眼线之间有矩形方块 表示接触物体的。
①图解中，手、眼重合的线是平坦均匀的直线时，是指：接触物体具有收纳功能的 （可以抽出或收回）（接触时间长）。
②图解中，手、眼重合的线有形成一个折线，尖端有小矩形方块时，是指：接触物 体是附着在墙体表面（灯、拉帘）（接触时间短）。
二、无意识：图解中，有动线、手、眼的线（均为直线）。
①图解中，有圆画满斜线时，是指：眼睛可以看向各个方向（手眼距离＝900）（ 人体站立）。
②图解中，有圆画了一半的斜线时，是指：画眼睛只能看向固定方向（手眼距离 ＞1100）（人体坐着）。
③图解中，有圆画的是虚线时，是指：眼睛只能看向唯一方向（手眼距离远＞900 ）（人体躺着）。
而在重合陈列分析图时，我将有意识的部分单独截取放在一块，无意识部分也单独 截取放在一块。发现了两个关系：
A、有意识①高、中、低位置的都有，有意识②只在高处有。
B、眼睛可见范围：无意识①>无意识②>无意识③。
综上所述即我对图解定义的“有意识”和“无意识”。
“Conscious” and “Unconscious” Concept statement
I studied The IKEA space is a bedroom. My concept is “Conscious” and “Unconscious” derived from the consistency of the hand and eye.
In the process of defining the concept, I used Stage 3 diagram to find and analyze the definition on the diagram. In the process of defining concepts, they are also progressive. The first time was to discover the relationship between the distance between the hands and the eyes, the second time also found the relationship of functions, the third time began to use the method of classification and display to clear the definition, the fourth time to use the method of coincidence display analysis I found some relationships that I didn’t notice before.
Therefore, my definition is as follows:
First, Conscious: In the illustration, the lines of the hand and eye coincide are conscious, and there are rectangular squares between the hand and the eye line to indicate the contact with the object.
①In the illustration, when the line where the hand and the eye overlap is a flat and uniform straight line, it means that the contact object has a storage function (can be withdrawn or retracted) (long contact time).
②In the illustration, the line where the hand and the eye overlap is formed with a fold line, and when the tip has a small rectangular square, it means that the contact object is attached to the surface of the wall (light, curtain) (short contact time).
Second, Unconscious: In the diagram, there are lines of moving lines, hands and eyes (both straight lines).
①In the illustration, when a circle is drawn with a slash, it means that the eye can look in all directions (hand distance = 900) (the human body stands).
② In the illustration, when a circle is drawn with a half of a diagonal line, it means that the eye can only be seen in a fixed direction (the distance between the hand and the eye is >1100) (the human body is sitting).
③In the 3 diagrams, when the circle is drawn with a dotted line, it means that the eye can only look in the only direction (the distance between the hand and the eye is >900) (the body lies).
In the case of coincident display analysis, I put the conscious part separately and put it in one piece, and the unconscious part is also taken separately. Found two relationships:
relationship A :Conscious① is high, medium and low position, Conscious② is only in the high place.
relationship B : eye visible range : Unconscious ①>Unconscious ②>Unconscious ③.
In summary, it is “Conscious” and “Unconscious” about the definition of the diagram.
Phase7: classification and analysis
阶段7: 阵列分析图
Phase8: concept analysis diagram
阶段8: 概念分析图解（中期）
Phase9: formalistic concept
阶段9: 形式概念
形式生成：由图解生成三层空间的形式 →最里面是手的活动区，中间是动线，最外圈是眼的活动区 →归纳房间的功能 →调整 功能-行为-尺度的模型 →决定最里面是桌子和床，中间是动线，最外圈是各种柜子和椅子。
Form generation: Generate a three-layer space form by diagram → The innermost part is the active area of the hand, the middle is the moving line, and the outermost circle is the active area of the eye. →Inductive room function →Adjust function-behavior-scale model → It is decided that the inside is the table and the bed, the middle is the moving line, and the outermost circle is the various cabinets and chairs.
有意识①：从墙体由内而外伸出的方体
有意识②：从墙体由外而内伸出的方体
无意识①：墙体是水平向弯曲的
无意识②：从墙体由外而内伸出的半圆体
无意识③：墙体是垂直向弯曲的
Conscious ①: a square extending from the inside out of the wall
Conscious ②: a square extending from the outside of the wall
Unconscious ①: the wall is curved horizontally
Unconscious ②: a semicircular body that protrudes from the outside of the wall
Unconscious ③: The wall is curved vertically
Phase10: solid modeling of formalistic concept diagram
阶段10: 形式概念图解的实体化
选择的部分choose part
红色部分是眼的高度，赋予150mm的宽度（视界）。绿色部分是手的高度，赋予150mm的宽度（手掌）。
The red part is the height of the eye, giving a width of 150 mm (view). The green part is the height of the hand, giving a width of 150mm (palm).
Phase11: embodiment model of space
阶段11: 转换空间概念模型
直接把线拉出，把图解还原
Pull the line straight out and restore the diagram
把图解用体积表示
Express the diagram in volume
竖片形成了图解的负形：手眼之间的距离。数值高的是有意识，低的是无意识
The risers form a graphical negative: the distance between the hands and eyes. High values are conscious, low are unconscious
把有意识、无意识分别用突出、
嵌入表示
Use conscious and unconscious to highlight and embed
做特殊的几个部分（有意识①、无意识①、无意识②），将手的位置和眼的位置分别用凸起、嵌入表示
Make special parts (conscious ①, unconscious ① ,unconscious ②), use the raised and embedded representations of the position of the hand and the position of the eye.
把线都放在地面，按数据拉起来。变化的地方用锯形表示
Put the lines on the ground and pull them up according to the data. The place of change is represented by saw
眼睛看到的用片表示，手的用块表示
The eyes see the piece, the hand is represented by the block
把图解按数据从地面拉起来，透明表示眼睛看到的，横片是手的高度
Pull the diagram from the ground by data, transparent means that the eye sees it, the horizontal line is the height of the hand
眼睛看到部分用透明的表示，手的用横片表示 The part of the eye is seen with a transparent representation, and the part of the hand is represented by a horizontal piece.
眼睛是上部分的大片，手的用垂直于墙的片表示，有意识部分是两者重合地方 The eye is a large piece of the upper part, the hand is represented by a piece perpendicular to the wall, and the conscious part is the place where the two overlap
Phase12: final proposal
阶段12: 完成总体方案
我选择了第八个方案，即把图解按数据从地面拉起来，透明表示眼睛看到的，横片是手的高度,眼睛和手有高 度变化的地方，用直斜线将两个距离连接起来。其中，有意识①我用了隔板划分它与手的横片的区别，还给了它一定的厚度。当有意识①在高处时，我设计它 是从上往下斜的；在人体适合的中间位置时，设计它就是平的；在低处时，设计它是从下往上斜的。有意识②因为接触时间短，所以我设计它为一个方块，即碰了一下就没有了接触。无意识①②③因为是手眼不一致的，所以我根据图解和现实人活动的手眼位置将其直接生成出来。
I chose the eighth option, which is to pull the diagram from the ground according to the data, transparent to the eyes, the height of the hand is the height of the hand, the height of the eyes and hands, and the two distances are connected by a straight diagonal line. stand up. Among them, conscious ① I used a partition to divide the difference between it and the horizontal piece of the hand, and gave it a certain thickness. When conscious 1 is at a height, I design it to slant from top to bottom; in the middle of the body's fit, it is designed to be flat; at low points, it is designed to slant from bottom to top. Conscious ② Because of the short contact time, I designed it as a square, that is, there is no contact when I touch it. Since the unconscious ①②③ is inconsistent with the hand and eye, I generated it directly based on the position of the hand and the eye of the real person.
Phase13: drawings and model
阶段13: 表达与制图
我先在局部节点推敲一些设计规则再赋予到整个设计：手的横片：宽度150mm（手掌长度）、两片之间的高度100mm（拳头的高度）。用柔软点的材料。眼的横片：高度150mm（视界）。用透明的材料。其中，手眼重合的有意识①部分：储藏功能，隔板50mm，眼的横片用半透明的材料。
I first deduce some design rules at the local node and then give the whole design: The horizontal piece of the hand: width 150mm (palm length), height between the two pieces 100mm (height of the fist). Use a soft point material. Horizontal slice of the eye: height 150mm (view). Use a transparent material. Among them, the conscious part of the hand-eye coincidence: storage function, the partition 50mm, the transverse section of the eye is made of translucent material.
模型图片
1:10 整体模型 Overall model
1:1 局部模型 Part model
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